Я использую Django для проекта и уже готов к работе.
В рабочей среде 500.html отображается всякий раз, когда возникает ошибка сервера.
Как проверить рендеринг 500.html в среде dev? Или как я могу сделать 500.html в dev, если отключить отладку, я все равно получаю ошибки, а не 500.html
background: я включаю некоторые элементы страницы на основе страницы, а некоторые отсутствуют, когда вызывается 500.html и хочет отладить его в среде dev.
Я предпочитаю не отключать DEBUG. Вместо этого я поместил следующий фрагмент в urls.py:
if settings.DEBUG:
urlpatterns += patterns('',
(r'^500/$', 'your_custom_view_if_you_wrote_one'),
(r'^404/$', 'django.views.generic.simple.direct_to_template', {'template': '404.html'}),
)
В приведенном выше фрагменте страницы с ошибкой используется пользовательское представление, вы можете легко заменить его на представление Django direct_to_template.
Теперь вы можете проверить 500 и 404 страницы, называя их URL: http://example.com/500 и http://example.com/404
В Django 1.6 django.views.generic.simple.direct_to_template больше не существует, это мои настройки для специальных просмотров:
# urls.py
from django.views.generic import TemplateView
from django.views.defaults import page_not_found, server_error
urlpatterns += [
url(r'^400/$', TemplateView.as_view(template_name='400.html')),
url(r'^403/$', TemplateView.as_view(template_name='403.html')),
url(r'^404/$', page_not_found),
url(r'^500/$', server_error),
]
И если вы хотите использовать представление Django 500 по умолчанию вместо своего пользовательского представления:
if settings.DEBUG:
urlpatterns += patterns('',
(r'^500/$', 'django.views.defaults.server_error'),
(r'^404/$', 'django.views.generic.simple.direct_to_template', {'template': '404.html'}),
)
Продолжение shanyu answer, в Django 1.3+ используйте:
if settings.DEBUG:
urlpatterns += patterns('',
(r'^500/$', 'django.views.defaults.server_error'),
(r'^404/$', 'django.views.defaults.page_not_found'),
)
Являются ли оба параметра отладки ложными?
settings.DEBUG = False
settings.TEMPLATE_DEBUG = False
urls.py
handler500 = 'project.apps.core.views.handler500'
handler404 = 'project.apps.core.views.handler404'
views.py
from django.template.loader import get_template
from django.template import Context
from django.http import HttpResponseServerError, HttpResponseNotFound
def handler500(request, template_name='500.html'):
t = get_template(template_name)
ctx = Context({})
return HttpResponseServerError(t.render(ctx))
def handler404(request, template_name='404.html'):
t = get_template(template_name)
ctx = Context({})
return HttpResponseNotFound(t.render(ctx))
tests.py
from django.test import TestCase
from django.test.client import RequestFactory
from project import urls
from ..views import handler404, handler500
class TestErrorPages(TestCase):
def test_error_handlers(self):
self.assertTrue(urls.handler404.endswith('.handler404'))
self.assertTrue(urls.handler500.endswith('.handler500'))
factory = RequestFactory()
request = factory.get('/')
response = handler404(request)
self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 404)
self.assertIn('404 Not Found!!', unicode(response))
response = handler500(request)
self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 500)
self.assertIn('500 Internal Server Error', unicode(response))
Как я это делаю и проверяю пользовательские обработчики ошибок
Определите пользовательский View на основе TemplateView
# views.py
from django.views.generic import TemplateView
class ErrorHandler(TemplateView):
""" Render error template """
error_code = 404
template_name = 'index/error.html'
def dispatch(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
""" For error on any methods return just GET """
return self.get(request, *args, **kwargs)
def get_context_data(self, **kwargs):
context = super().get_context_data(**kwargs)
context['error_code'] = self.error_code
return context
def render_to_response(self, context, **response_kwargs):
""" Return correct status code """
response_kwargs = response_kwargs or {}
response_kwargs.update(status=self.error_code)
return super().render_to_response(context, **response_kwargs)
Скажите django, чтобы использовать собственные обработчики ошибок
# urls.py
from index.views import ErrorHandler
# error handing handlers - fly binding
for code in (400, 403, 404, 500):
vars()['handler{}'.format(code)] = ErrorHandler.as_view(error_code=code)
Тестовая версия для пользовательских обработчиков ошибок
# tests.py
from unittest import mock
from django.test import TestCase
from django.core.exceptions import SuspiciousOperation, PermissionDenied
from django.http import Http404
from index import views
class ErrorHandlersTestCase(TestCase):
""" Check is correct error handlers work """
def raise_(exception):
def wrapped(*args, **kwargs):
raise exception('Test exception')
return wrapped
def test_index_page(self):
""" Should check is 200 on index page """
response = self.client.get('/')
self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 200)
self.assertTemplateUsed(response, 'index/index.html')
@mock.patch('index.views.IndexView.get', raise_(Http404))
def test_404_page(self):
""" Should check is 404 page correct """
response = self.client.get('/')
self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 404)
self.assertTemplateUsed(response, 'index/error.html')
self.assertIn('404 Page not found', response.content.decode('utf-8'))
@mock.patch('index.views.IndexView.get', views.ErrorHandler.as_view(error_code=500))
def test_500_page(self):
""" Should check is 500 page correct """
response = self.client.get('/')
self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 500)
self.assertTemplateUsed(response, 'index/error.html')
self.assertIn('500 Server Error', response.content.decode('utf-8'))
@mock.patch('index.views.IndexView.get', raise_(SuspiciousOperation))
def test_400_page(self):
""" Should check is 400 page correct """
response = self.client.get('/')
self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 400)
self.assertTemplateUsed(response, 'index/error.html')
self.assertIn('400 Bad request', response.content.decode('utf-8'))
@mock.patch('index.views.IndexView.get', raise_(PermissionDenied))
def test_403_page(self):
""" Should check is 403 page correct """
response = self.client.get('/')
self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 403)
self.assertTemplateUsed(response, 'index/error.html')
self.assertIn('403 Permission Denied', response.content.decode('utf-8'))
Вы можете просто определить handler404 и handler500 для ошибок в вашем основном файле views.py, как описано в этом ответе:
fooobar.com/questions/126089/...
Это вернет ошибку, которую вы хотите, когда Django направляется к этому обработчику. Конфигурация настраиваемого URL не требуется для маршрутизации на другое имя URL.
В версиях Django & lt; 3.0, вы должны сделать следующее:
client.py
from django.core.signals import got_request_exception
from django.template import TemplateDoesNotExist
from django.test import signals
from django.test.client import Client as DjangoClient, store_rendered_templates
from django.urls import resolve
from django.utils import six
from django.utils.functional import SimpleLazyObject, curry
class Client(DjangoClient):
"""Test client that does not raise Exceptions if requested."""
def __init__(self,
enforce_csrf_checks=False,
raise_request_exception=True, **defaults):
super(Client, self).__init__(enforce_csrf_checks=enforce_csrf_checks,
**defaults)
self.raise_request_exception = raise_request_exception
def request(self, **request):
"""
The master request method. Composes the environment dictionary
and passes to the handler, returning the result of the handler.
Assumes defaults for the query environment, which can be overridden
using the arguments to the request.
"""
environ = self._base_environ(**request)
# Curry a data dictionary into an instance of the template renderer
# callback function.
data = {}
on_template_render = curry(store_rendered_templates, data)
signal_uid = "template-render-%s" % id(request)
signals.template_rendered.connect(on_template_render,
dispatch_uid=signal_uid)
# Capture exceptions created by the handler.
exception_uid = "request-exception-%s" % id(request)
got_request_exception.connect(self.store_exc_info,
dispatch_uid=exception_uid)
try:
try:
response = self.handler(environ)
except TemplateDoesNotExist as e:
# If the view raises an exception, Django will attempt to show
# the 500.html template. If that template is not available,
# we should ignore the error in favor of re-raising the
# underlying exception that caused the 500 error. Any other
# template found to be missing during view error handling
# should be reported as-is.
if e.args != ('500.html',):
raise
# Look for a signalled exception, clear the current context
# exception data, then re-raise the signalled exception.
# Also make sure that the signalled exception is cleared from
# the local cache!
response.exc_info = self.exc_info # Patch exception handling
if self.exc_info:
exc_info = self.exc_info
self.exc_info = None
if self.raise_request_exception: # Patch exception handling
six.reraise(*exc_info)
# Save the client and request that stimulated the response.
response.client = self
response.request = request
# Add any rendered template detail to the response.
response.templates = data.get("templates", [])
response.context = data.get("context")
response.json = curry(self._parse_json, response)
# Attach the ResolverMatch instance to the response
response.resolver_match = SimpleLazyObject(
lambda: resolve(request['PATH_INFO'])
)
# Flatten a single context. Not really necessary anymore thanks to
# the __getattr__ flattening in ContextList, but has some edge-case
# backwards-compatibility implications.
if response.context and len(response.context) == 1:
response.context = response.context[0]
# Update persistent cookie data.
if response.cookies:
self.cookies.update(response.cookies)
return response
finally:
signals.template_rendered.disconnect(dispatch_uid=signal_uid)
got_request_exception.disconnect(dispatch_uid=exception_uid)
tests.py
from unittest import mock
from django.contrib.auth import get_user_model
from django.core.urlresolvers import reverse
from django.test import TestCase, override_settings
from .client import Client # Important, we use our own Client here!
class TestErrors(TestCase):
"""Test errors."""
@classmethod
def setUpClass(cls):
super(TestErrors, cls).setUpClass()
cls.username = 'admin'
cls.email = '[email protected]'
cls.password = 'test1234test1234'
cls.not_found_url = '/i-do-not-exist/'
cls.internal_server_error_url = reverse('password_reset')
def setUp(self):
super(TestErrors, self).setUp()
User = get_user_model()
User.objects.create_user(
self.username,
self.email,
self.password,
is_staff=True,
is_active=True
)
self.client = Client(raise_request_exception=False)
# Mock in order to trigger Exception and resulting Internal server error
@mock.patch('django.contrib.auth.views.PasswordResetView.form_class', None)
@override_settings(DEBUG=False)
def test_errors(self):
self.client.login(username=self.username, password=self.password)
with self.subTest("Not found (404)"):
response = self.client.get(self.not_found_url, follow=True)
self.assertNotIn('^admin/', str(response.content))
with self.subTest("Internal server error (500)"):
response = self.client.get(self.internal_server_error_url,
follow=True)
self.assertNotIn('TypeError', str(response.content))
Начиная с Django 3.0, вы можете пропустить пользовательское определение Client и просто использовать код из tests.py.