Ошибка с PyOpenGL

Я хотел бы использовать Qt и PyOpenGL для создания графика в реальном времени и немного узнать о OpenGL, но у меня возникают проблемы даже с отображением моих тестовых данных initail.

Идея состоит в том, чтобы сохранить координаты x и y-координаты в разных буферах, поскольку координаты x будут редко меняться, в то время как координаты y будут меняться почти на каждый рендер. К сожалению, наличие их в разных буферах дает мне проблемы.

Сейчас у меня нет ошибок, и ничего не появляется, поэтому я не уверен, куда идти.

Вот что я до сих пор использовал для класса построения:

class GLWidget(QtOpenGL.QGLWidget):
    def __init__(self, parent=None):
        self.parent = parent
        QtOpenGL.QGLWidget.__init__(self, parent)
        self.current_position = 0

    def initializeGL(self):
        self.initGeometry()

        self.vertex_code = """
            #version 120
            attribute vec4 color;
            attribute float x_position;
            attribute float y_position;
            varying vec4 v_color;
            void main()
            {
                gl_Position = vec4(x_position, y_position, 0.0, 1.0);
                v_color = color;
            } """

        self.fragment_code = """
            #version 120
            varying vec4 v_color;
            void main()
            {
                //gl_FragColor = v_color;
                gl_FragColor = vec4(1,1,1,1);
            } """

        ## Build and activate program
        # Request program and shader slots from GPU
        self.program = GL.glCreateProgram()
        self.vertex = GL.glCreateShader(GL.GL_VERTEX_SHADER)
        self.fragment = GL.glCreateShader(GL.GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER)

        # Set shaders source
        GL.glShaderSource(self.vertex, self.vertex_code)
        GL.glShaderSource(self.fragment, self.fragment_code)

        # Compile shaders
        GL.glCompileShader(self.vertex)
        GL.glCompileShader(self.fragment)

        # Attach shader objects to the program
        GL.glAttachShader(self.program, self.vertex)
        GL.glAttachShader(self.program, self.fragment)

        # Build program
        GL.glLinkProgram(self.program)

        # Get rid of shaders (not needed anymore)
        GL.glDetachShader(self.program, self.vertex)
        GL.glDetachShader(self.program, self.fragment)

        # Make program the default program
        GL.glUseProgram(self.program)

        # Create array object
        self.vao = GL.glGenVertexArrays(1)
        GL.glBindVertexArray(self.vao)

        # Request buffer slot from GPU
        self.x_data_buffer = GL.glGenBuffers(1)
        GL.glBindBuffer(GL.GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, self.x_data_buffer)
        GL.glBufferData(GL.GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, ArrayDatatype.arrayByteCount(self.x), self.x, GL.GL_DYNAMIC_DRAW)

        self.y_data_buffer = GL.glGenBuffers(1)
        GL.glBindBuffer(GL.GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, self.y_data_buffer)
        GL.glBufferData(GL.GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, ArrayDatatype.arrayByteCount(self.y), self.y, GL.GL_DYNAMIC_DRAW)




        ## Bind attributes
        #self.stride = self.x.strides[0]
        #self.offset = ctypes.c_void_p(0)
        self.loc = GL.glGetAttribLocation(self.program, "x_position".encode('utf-8'))
        GL.glEnableVertexAttribArray(self.loc)
        GL.glBindBuffer(GL.GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, self.x_data_buffer)
        GL.glVertexAttribPointer(self.loc, 1, GL.GL_FLOAT, GL.GL_FALSE, 0, 0)

        #self.stride = self.y.strides[0]
        #self.offset = ctypes.c_void_p(0)
        self.loc = GL.glGetAttribLocation(self.program, "y_position".encode('utf-8'))
        GL.glEnableVertexAttribArray(self.loc)
        GL.glBindBuffer(GL.GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, self.y_data_buffer)
        GL.glVertexAttribPointer(self.loc, 1, GL.GL_FLOAT, GL.GL_FALSE, 0, 0)


    def resizeGL(self, width, height):
        if height == 0: height = 1

        GL.glViewport(0, 0, width, height)
        GL.glMatrixMode(GL.GL_PROJECTION)
        GL.glLoadIdentity()
        aspect = width / float(height)

        GLU.gluPerspective(45.0, aspect, 1.0, 100.0)
        GL.glMatrixMode(GL.GL_MODELVIEW)

    def paintGL(self):
        GL.glClear(GL.GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL.GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT)

        GL.glDrawArrays(GL.GL_LINE_STRIP, 0, self.bins)


    def initGeometry(self):
        self.bins = 1000

        self.x = np.linspace(-0.5,0.5,self.bins)
        self.y = np.array([np.sin(val*2*np.pi) for val in self.x])
        self.color = np.array([(1,1,1,1) for x in np.arange(self.bins)])


    def addPoint(self, point):
        #print('ADD POINT')
        self.y[self.current_position] = point
        if self.current_position < self.bins-1:
            self.current_position += 1
        else:
            self.current_position = 0

        return True

    def render(self):
        #print('RENDER')
        self.updateGL()
        return True

Я также разместил здесь полную рабочую версию программы:

import sys
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QDesktopWidget, QMainWindow, QWidget, QAction, qApp, QApplication, QHBoxLayout, QVBoxLayout, QPushButton
from PyQt5.QtCore import QTimer
from PyQt5.QtGui import QIcon
from PyQt5 import QtOpenGL

from OpenGL import GL
from OpenGL import GLU
from OpenGL.arrays.arraydatatype import ArrayDatatype

import ctypes
import numpy as np
from threading import Timer, Thread, Event

class OxySensor(QMainWindow):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()
        self.initUI()
        self.initActions()
        self.initMenuBar()
        self.initRenderTimer()
        self.start()

    def initUI(self):
        self.resize(800,600)
        self.center()
        self.setWindowTitle('OxySensor')

        okButton = QPushButton("OK")
        cancelButton = QPushButton("Cancel")


        hbox = QHBoxLayout()
        hbox.addStretch(1)
        hbox.addWidget(okButton)
        hbox.addWidget(cancelButton)

        vbox = QVBoxLayout()
        #vbox.addStretch(1)
        self.gl_widget = GLWidget()
        vbox.addWidget(self.gl_widget)
        vbox.addLayout(hbox)

        mainWidget = QWidget(self)
        mainWidget.setLayout(vbox)

        self.setCentralWidget(mainWidget)


        self.show()

    def initActions(self):
        self.exitAction = QAction(QIcon('images/close20.png'), '&Exit', self)
        self.exitAction.setShortcut('Ctrl+W')
        self.exitAction.setStatusTip('Exit application')
        self.exitAction.triggered.connect(self.onExit)

    def initMenuBar(self):
        menubar = self.menuBar()
        fileMenu = menubar.addMenu('&File')
        fileMenu.addAction(self.exitAction)
        return True

    def initRenderTimer(self):
        self.timer = QTimer()
        self.timer.timeout.connect(self.gl_widget.render)
        self.timer.start(100)
        return True

    def start(self):
        self.stop_flag = Event()
        self.thread = SerialPort(self.onTimerExpired, self.stop_flag)
        self.thread.start()
        self.statusBar().showMessage('Ready')

    def center(self):
        qr = self.frameGeometry()
        cp = QDesktopWidget().availableGeometry().center()
        qr.moveCenter(cp)
        self.move(qr.topLeft())
        return True

    def onTimerExpired(self):
        data = np.random.uniform(-1,1)
        self.gl_widget.addPoint(data)
        return True

    def onExit(self):
        self.close()
        return None

    def closeEvent(self,event):
        self.stop_flag.set()
        event.accept()
        return None

class GLWidget(QtOpenGL.QGLWidget):
    def __init__(self, parent=None):
        self.parent = parent
        QtOpenGL.QGLWidget.__init__(self, parent)
        self.yRotDeg = 0.0
        self.current_position = 0

    def initializeGL(self):
        self.initGeometry()

        self.vertex_code = """
            #version 120
            attribute vec4 color;
            attribute float x_position;
            attribute float y_position;
            varying vec4 v_color;
            void main()
            {
                gl_Position = vec4(x_position, y_position, 0.0, 1.0);
                v_color = color;
            } """

        self.fragment_code = """
            #version 120
            varying vec4 v_color;
            void main()
            {
                //gl_FragColor = v_color;
                gl_FragColor = vec4(1,1,1,1);
            } """

        ## Build and activate program
        # Request program and shader slots from GPU
        self.program = GL.glCreateProgram()
        self.vertex = GL.glCreateShader(GL.GL_VERTEX_SHADER)
        self.fragment = GL.glCreateShader(GL.GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER)

        # Set shaders source
        GL.glShaderSource(self.vertex, self.vertex_code)
        GL.glShaderSource(self.fragment, self.fragment_code)

        # Compile shaders
        GL.glCompileShader(self.vertex)
        GL.glCompileShader(self.fragment)

        # Attach shader objects to the program
        GL.glAttachShader(self.program, self.vertex)
        GL.glAttachShader(self.program, self.fragment)

        # Build program
        GL.glLinkProgram(self.program)

        # Get rid of shaders (not needed anymore)
        GL.glDetachShader(self.program, self.vertex)
        GL.glDetachShader(self.program, self.fragment)

        # Make program the default program
        GL.glUseProgram(self.program)

        # Create array object
        self.vao = GL.glGenVertexArrays(1)
        GL.glBindVertexArray(self.vao)

        # Request buffer slot from GPU
        self.x_data_buffer = GL.glGenBuffers(1)
        GL.glBindBuffer(GL.GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, self.x_data_buffer)
        GL.glBufferData(GL.GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, ArrayDatatype.arrayByteCount(self.x), self.x, GL.GL_DYNAMIC_DRAW)

        self.y_data_buffer = GL.glGenBuffers(1)
        GL.glBindBuffer(GL.GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, self.y_data_buffer)
        GL.glBufferData(GL.GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, ArrayDatatype.arrayByteCount(self.y), self.y, GL.GL_DYNAMIC_DRAW)




        ## Bind attributes
        #self.stride = self.x.strides[0]
        #self.offset = ctypes.c_void_p(0)
        self.loc = GL.glGetAttribLocation(self.program, "x_position".encode('utf-8'))
        GL.glEnableVertexAttribArray(self.loc)
        GL.glBindBuffer(GL.GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, self.x_data_buffer)
        GL.glVertexAttribPointer(self.loc, 1, GL.GL_FLOAT, GL.GL_FALSE, 0, 0)

        #self.stride = self.y.strides[0]
        #self.offset = ctypes.c_void_p(0)
        self.loc = GL.glGetAttribLocation(self.program, "y_position".encode('utf-8'))
        GL.glEnableVertexAttribArray(self.loc)
        GL.glBindBuffer(GL.GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, self.y_data_buffer)
        GL.glVertexAttribPointer(self.loc, 1, GL.GL_FLOAT, GL.GL_FALSE, 0, 0)


    def resizeGL(self, width, height):
        if height == 0: height = 1

        GL.glViewport(0, 0, width, height)
        GL.glMatrixMode(GL.GL_PROJECTION)
        GL.glLoadIdentity()
        aspect = width / float(height)

        GLU.gluPerspective(45.0, aspect, 1.0, 100.0)
        GL.glMatrixMode(GL.GL_MODELVIEW)

    def paintGL(self):
        GL.glClear(GL.GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL.GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT)

        GL.glDrawArrays(GL.GL_LINE_STRIP, 0, self.bins)


    def initGeometry(self):
        self.bins = 1000

        self.x = np.linspace(-0.5,0.5,self.bins)
        self.y = np.array([np.sin(val*2*np.pi) for val in self.x])
        self.color = np.array([(1,1,1,1) for x in np.arange(self.bins)])


    def addPoint(self, point):
        #print('ADD POINT')
        self.y[self.current_position] = point
        if self.current_position < self.bins-1:
            self.current_position += 1
        else:
            self.current_position = 0

        return True

    def render(self):
        #print('RENDER')
        self.updateGL()
        return True

class SerialPort(Thread):
    def __init__(self, callback, event):
        Thread.__init__(self)
        self.callback = callback
        self.stopped = event
        return None

    def SetInterval(self, time_in_seconds):
        self.delay_period = time_in_seconds
        return True

    def run(self):
        while not self.stopped.wait(0.1):
            self.callback()
        return True

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    oxy_sensor = OxySensor()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())